Category Archives: The Conflicted

Delos Lone Wolf (Kiowa)

Biography | Historical and Culture Context | Critical Commentary | Further Reading Delos Lone Wolf’s Graduation Speech An oral account of Delos Lone Wolf’s graduation speech can be found in the March 1896 publication of The Red Man.  The entire issue commemorates … Continue reading

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Historical and Cultural Context

Sadie M. Ingalls was a member of the Sac (Sauk) and Fox Tribe in Oklahoma. There are three recognized Sac and Fox groups in the US: The tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa, the nation of Missouri in Kansas and Nebraska, … Continue reading

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Sadie M. Ingalls (Po-Naw-Po-Qua) Sac and Fox

Biography|Historical and Cultural Context|Critical Commentary|Further Reading Why Crows Are Black Once upon a time there lived a crow with some of his friends. Since their provisions were nearly all gone, his friends decided to go out hunting and the crow was obliged … Continue reading

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Biography

Sadie M. Ingalls, or Po-Naw-po-qua, was born October 12, 1890 in Oklahoma to two members of the Sac and Fox Tribe, Horace, or Pe-shaw-kaw Ingalls and Maddie, or Ash-kaw-soque Seals. Her father died of tuberculosis before Sadie enrolled in Carlisle. … Continue reading

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