In Young Chung
\nGraduate Theological Union, Berkeley<\/p>\n
A generalized view of women in Buddhism is imposed by almost one hundred additional rules and the “Eight Rules” upon nuns. Some scholars, writers, and practitioners have asserted that the rules in the Pr\u0101timok\u1e63a<\/em> subordinate nuns to monks. However, I argue that the additional p\u0101r\u0101jikas<\/em> for nuns treat sexual matters seriously because of the fertility of females. Some sa.mgh\u0100va”se\u1e63as<\/em> for nuns provide safeguards against falling victim to lustful men. Some ni.hsargika-p\u0101yantikas<\/em><\/em> for monks forbid them from taking advantage of nuns. Two aniyatas<\/em> for monks show a landmark in trust in women. Furthermore, seven adhikara.na”samathas<\/em> provide evidence of the equality of men and women. Many of the additional p\u0101yantikas<\/em> for nuns originated because of nuns’ living situations and social conditions in ancient India. Finally, the totally different tone and discrepancies in penalties for the same offenses between the p\u0101yantikas<\/em> and the “Eight Rules” suggest that the “Eight Rules” were appended later.<\/p>\n Read article<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" ISSN:1076\u20139005 Volume 6, 1999 A Buddhist View of Women: A Comparative Study of the Rules for Bhik\u1e63u\u1e47\u012bs and Bhik\u1e63us Based on the Chinese Pr\u0101timok\u1e63a In Young Chung Graduate Theological Union, Berkeley A generalized view of women in Buddhism is imposed by almost one hundred additional rules and the “Eight Rules” upon nuns. Some scholars, writers, … Continue reading Rules for Bhik\u1e63u\u1e47\u012bs and Bhik\u1e63us<\/span>