{"id":80,"date":"2025-08-16T17:31:00","date_gmt":"2025-08-16T17:31:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/?page_id=80"},"modified":"2025-09-15T15:01:00","modified_gmt":"2025-09-15T15:01:00","slug":"abigail-and-john-adams-letters-1776","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/texts\/abigail-and-john-adams-letters-1776\/","title":{"rendered":"Abigail and John Adams, Letters (1776)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>INTRODUCTION<\/strong><\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1774\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1774\"><a href=\"http:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2022\/07\/John-and-Abigail-Adams.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1774 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2022\/07\/John-and-Abigail-Adams-300x180.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2022\/07\/John-and-Abigail-Adams-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2022\/07\/John-and-Abigail-Adams-768x461.png 768w, https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2022\/07\/John-and-Abigail-Adams.png 1000w\" alt=\"Portraits of John and Abigail Adams\" width=\"300\" height=\"180\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1774\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">John and Abigail Adams (<a href=\"https:\/\/newenglandhistoricalsociety.com\/john-adams-writes-to-abigail-i-must-study-politicks-and-war\/\">New England Historical Society<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/about-the-white-house\/first-families\/abigail-smith-adams\/\">Abigail Smith Adams (1744-1818)<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/constitutioncenter.org\/blog\/10-little-known-facts-about-the-ultimate-patriot-john-adams\">John Adams (1735-1826)<\/a> were married for 54 years, beginning in 1764.\u00a0 By the spring of 1776, when Abigail was in her early thirties and John was in his early forties, the couple had five young children, living in their home in Braintree, Massachusetts.\u00a0 John Adams, a noted lawyer, was then serving as a delegate to the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia and proving to be vital in helping to forge the movement for American independence from Great Britain.\u00a0 The couple exchanged regular letters during this period \u2013though Abigail Adams sometimes complained about her husband\u2019s uneven attention to their correspondence.\u00a0 In this lively exchange from March and April 1776, Abigail Adams went further and pressed her husband on political matters, urging him in delicately crafted language to apply the revolutionary principles of freedom and equality to women as well as men.\u00a0 John Adams tried responding in a teasing fashion, calling his wife \u201csaucy,\u201d though the details of his reply suggested that he was well aware that the \u201cMasculine systems\u201d of their social hierarchy were in a precarious state during such a turbulent age.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wevideo.com\/view\/2748014339\" width=\"952\" height=\"679\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Abigail Adams to John Adams<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Braintree March 31 1776<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_86\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-86\" style=\"width: 186px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-16-at-1.35.23\u202fPM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-86 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-16-at-1.35.23\u202fPM-186x300.png\" alt=\"Abigail Adams letter\" width=\"186\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-16-at-1.35.23\u202fPM-186x300.png 186w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-16-at-1.35.23\u202fPM-636x1024.png 636w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-16-at-1.35.23\u202fPM.png 694w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 186px) 100vw, 186px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-86\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Abigail Adams, March 31, 1776 (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.masshist.org\/digitaladams\/archive\/popup?id=L17760331aa&amp;page=L17760331aa_1\">Mass Hi Soc<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u2026I long to hear that you have declared an independancy\u2014and by the way in the new Code of Laws which I suppose it will be necessary for you to make I desire you would Remember the Ladies, and be more generous and favourable to them than your ancestors. Do not put such unlimited power into the hands of the Husbands. Remember all Men would be tyrants if they could. If perticuliar care and attention is not paid to the Laidies we are determined to foment a Rebelion, and will not hold ourselves bound by any Laws in which we have no voice, or Representation.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2531\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2531\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2531\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>That your Sex are Naturally Tyrannical is a Truth so thoroughly established as to admit of no dispute, but such of you as wish to be happy willingly give up the harsh title of Master for the more tender and endearing one of Friend. Why then, not put it out of the power of the vicious and the Lawless to use us with cruelty and indignity with impunity. Men of Sense in all Ages abhor those customs which treat us only as the vassals of your Sex. Regard us then as Beings placed by providence under your protection and in immitation of the Supreem Being make use of that power only for our happiness\u2026.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>John Adams to Abigail Adams<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>[PHILADELPHIA] Ap. 14, 1776<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_90\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-90\" style=\"width: 237px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-16-at-1.39.50\u202fPM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-90\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-16-at-1.39.50\u202fPM-237x300.png\" alt=\"John Adams letter\" width=\"237\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-16-at-1.39.50\u202fPM-237x300.png 237w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-16-at-1.39.50\u202fPM-810x1024.png 810w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-16-at-1.39.50\u202fPM-768x971.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-16-at-1.39.50\u202fPM.png 954w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 237px) 100vw, 237px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-90\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Adams, April 14, 1776 (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.masshist.org\/digitaladams\/archive\/popup?id=L17760414ja&amp;page=L17760414ja_1\">Mass Hi Soc<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u2026As to your extraordinary Code of Laws, I cannot but laugh. We have been told that our Struggle has loosened the bands of Government every where. That Children and Apprentices were disobedient \u2014 that schools and Colledges were grown turbulent \u2014 that Indians slighted their Guardians and Negroes grew insolent to their Masters. But your Letter was the first Intimation that another Tribe more numerous and powerfull than all the rest were grown discontented. \u2014 This is rather too coarse a Compliment but you are so saucy, I wont blot it out.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2533\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2533\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2533\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Depend upon it, We know better than to repeal our Masculine systems. Altho they are in full Force, you know they are little more than Theory. We dare not exert our Power in its full Latitude. We are obliged to go fair, and softly, and in Practice you know We are the subjects. We have only the Name of Masters, and rather than give up this, which would compleatly subject Us to the Despotism of the Peticoat, I hope General Washington, and all our brave Heroes would fight. I am sure every good Politician would plot, as long as he would against Despotism, Empire, Monarchy, Aristocracy, Oligarchy, or Ochlocracy. \u2014 A fine Story indeed. I begin to think the Ministry as deep as they are wicked. After stirring up Tories, Landjobbers, Trimmers, Bigots, Canadians, Indians, Negroes, Hanoverians, Hessians, Russians, Irish Roman Catholicks, Scotch Renegadoes, at last they have stimulated the ____________ to demand new Priviledges and threaten to rebell.<\/p>\n<p><strong>CITATION:\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>Abigail Adams to John Adams, March 31 \u2013 April 5, 1776 and John Adams to Abigail Adams, April 14, 1776, and available\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.masshist.org\/digitaladams\/archive\/doc?id=L17760331aa\">FULL TEXT<\/a>\u00a0via Adams Family Papers, Massachusetts Historical Society.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>DISCUSSION QUESTIONS<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Why did Abigail Adams frame her warning about the importance of gender equality in the new republic around the phrase, &#8220;Remember the Ladies&#8221;?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>When John Adams responded to his wife\u2019s admonition about remembering \u201cthe Ladies,\u201d was he being dismissive, sarcastic, or both?\u00a0 How else might you characterize his response?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In his reply to Abigail Adams, John Adams listed various ways that less powerful elements of colonial society were becoming emboldened by the American Revolutionary movement.\u00a0 Did he sound fearful of that reaction, or perhaps quietly proud of what had been unleashed?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>ADDITIONAL RESOURCES<\/h3>\n<blockquote><p>Abigail embraced the concept of independence personally and politically. While John traveled, she managed the farm, raised their children and enlarged the house.\u00a0 \u2013New England Historical Society<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/WXQZIo6JN2Q\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><em>Scene from HBO miniseries \u201cJohn Adams\u201d (2008)<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>FEATURED COLLECTION:\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/millercenter.org\/president\/adams\/life-before-the-presidency\">Abigail Adams and Remember the Ladies<\/a>\u00a0(NHC)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newenglandhistoricalsociety.com\/ageless-love-story-john-abigail-adams\/\">Ageless Love of John and Abigail Adams<\/a>\u00a0(New England Historical Society)<\/li>\n<li>C. James Taylor,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/millercenter.org\/president\/adams\/life-before-the-presidency\">John Adams: Life Before Presidency<\/a>\u00a0(Miller Center)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/09\/Handout-Adams-Letters.pdf\">Handout &#8211;Adams Letters<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>INTRODUCTION John and Abigail Adams (New England Historical Society) Abigail Smith Adams (1744-1818)\u00a0and\u00a0John Adams (1735-1826) were married for 54 years, beginning in 1764.\u00a0 By the spring of 1776, when Abigail was in her early thirties and John was in his early forties, the couple had [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":373,"featured_media":0,"parent":258,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-80","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/80","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/373"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=80"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/80\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":704,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/80\/revisions\/704"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/258"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}