{"id":3672,"date":"2021-11-23T11:37:08","date_gmt":"2021-11-23T11:37:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/?page_id=3672"},"modified":"2022-11-22T11:59:01","modified_gmt":"2022-11-22T11:59:01","slug":"wars-turning-points","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/course-syllabus\/wars-turning-points\/","title":{"rendered":"War&#8217;s Turning Points"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>Emancipation Day (January 1, 1863)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h4><strong>January 1, 1863 (public)<\/strong><\/h4>\n<div id=\"attachment_2515\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/emancipation\/2012\/11\/06\/emancipation-among-black-troops-in-south-carolina\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2515 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/10\/Screen-Shot-2021-10-28-at-7.52.57-AM-300x235.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/10\/Screen-Shot-2021-10-28-at-7.52.57-AM-300x235.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/10\/Screen-Shot-2021-10-28-at-7.52.57-AM-1024x802.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/10\/Screen-Shot-2021-10-28-at-7.52.57-AM-768x602.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/10\/Screen-Shot-2021-10-28-at-7.52.57-AM-1536x1203.png 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/10\/Screen-Shot-2021-10-28-at-7.52.57-AM-383x300.png 383w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/10\/Screen-Shot-2021-10-28-at-7.52.57-AM.png 1596w\" alt=\"January 1st\" width=\"300\" height=\"235\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2515\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-2515\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beaufort, South Carolina, January 1, 1863<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8220;And I hereby enjoin upon the people so declared to be free to abstain from all violence, unless in necessary self-defence; and I recommend to them that, in all cases when allowed, they labor faithfully for reasonable wages. And I further declare and make known, that such persons of suitable condition, will be received into the armed service of the United States to garrison forts, positions, stations, and other places, and to man vessels of all sorts in said service.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/emancipation\/2012\/07\/14\/emancipation-proclamation\/\">Emancipation Proclamation<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/artsandculture.google.com\/story\/the-prince-of-emancipation-house-divided-project-at-dickinson-college\/uAVxfs_zVjtpJg?hl=en\">Find out more about Prince Rivers, one of the black soldiers holding the flag at the Emancipation Day ceremony in Beaufort<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4><strong>January 1, 1863 (private)<\/strong><\/h4>\n<div id=\"attachment_765\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\">\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2021\/07\/Screen-Shot-2021-07-21-at-6.51.48-AM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-765\" src=\"http:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2021\/07\/Screen-Shot-2021-07-21-at-6.51.48-AM-252x300.png\" alt=\"Halleck\" width=\"252\" height=\"300\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-765\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-765\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gen. Henry W. Halleck (House Divided Project)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u201cYou know what Gen. Burnside\u2019s plan is; and it is my wish that you go with him to the ground, examine it as far as practicable, confer with the officers, getting their judgment, and ascertaining their temper, in a word, gather all the elements for forming a judgment of your own; and then tell Gen. Burnside that you\u00a0<i>do<\/i>\u00a0approve, or that you do\u00a0<i>not<\/i>\u00a0approve his plan. Your military skill is\u00a0useless\u00a0to me, if you will not do this.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>[REVERSE]<\/p>\n<p>Withdrawn, because considered harsh by Gen. Halleck.<\/p>\n<p>A.L. Jan. 1. 1862 [sic]<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2013Lincoln to Henry W. Halleck, January 1, 1863<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><strong>Gettysburg &amp; Vicksburg (July 1863)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/civilwar\/gettysburg-virtual-tour\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3676\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/files\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-6.42.06-AM.png\" alt=\"Tour\" width=\"1474\" height=\"710\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/files\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-6.42.06-AM.png 1474w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/files\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-6.42.06-AM-300x145.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/files\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-6.42.06-AM-1024x493.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/files\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-6.42.06-AM-768x370.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/files\/2021\/11\/Screen-Shot-2021-11-23-at-6.42.06-AM-500x241.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1474px) 100vw, 1474px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Special resources<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/civilwar\/gettysburg-virtual-tour\/\">Pinsker video tour (1 hour \/ 13 stops)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/yjKf8kdIZ0M\">Wittenberg lecture (1 hour)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/artsandculture.google.com\/exhibit\/lincoln-s-gettysburg-addresses-house-divided-project-at-dickinson-college\/wReow-98?hl=en\">Gettysburg Addresses (House Divided \/ Google Arts)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-22-at-8.45.31-AM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-640\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-22-at-8.45.31-AM-1024x673.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 584px) 100vw, 584px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-22-at-8.45.31-AM-1024x673.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-22-at-8.45.31-AM-300x197.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-22-at-8.45.31-AM-768x505.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-22-at-8.45.31-AM-1536x1010.png 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-22-at-8.45.31-AM-2048x1346.png 2048w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-22-at-8.45.31-AM-456x300.png 456w\" alt=\"Cuddy and Stoker\" width=\"584\" height=\"384\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Discussion Questions<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>What can we learn from the griping of ordinary soldiers like\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/johntaylorcuddy.weebly.com\/\">John Cuddy<\/a>\u00a0or\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/stoker\/\">William Stoker<\/a>?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Warfare and Technology<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-22-at-7.50.06-AM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-627\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-22-at-7.50.06-AM-1024x579.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 584px) 100vw, 584px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-22-at-7.50.06-AM-1024x579.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-22-at-7.50.06-AM-300x170.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-22-at-7.50.06-AM-768x434.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-22-at-7.50.06-AM-500x283.png 500w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-22-at-7.50.06-AM.png 1312w\" alt=\"Minie Ball\" width=\"584\" height=\"330\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Black Soldiers (Summer 1863)<\/h2>\n<blockquote><p>By war&#8217;s end, nearly 180,000 men served in the United States Colored Troops, close to 10 percent of the entire Union army.\u00a0 Another nineteen thousand served in the navy. &#8211;Masur, 58<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div id=\"attachment_2330\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-01-at-11.34.22-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-2330\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-01-at-11.34.22-PM-1024x679.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-01-at-11.34.22-PM-1024x679.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-01-at-11.34.22-PM-300x199.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-01-at-11.34.22-PM-768x509.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-01-at-11.34.22-PM-1536x1019.png 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-01-at-11.34.22-PM-452x300.png 452w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-01-at-11.34.22-PM.png 1918w\" alt=\"Gordon images\" width=\"940\" height=\"623\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2330\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-2330\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Original \u201cScourged Back\u201d images from Harper\u2019s Weekly, July 4, 1863<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_2332\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-1.49.55-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-2332\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-1.49.55-PM-1024x536.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-1.49.55-PM-1024x536.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-1.49.55-PM-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-1.49.55-PM-768x402.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-1.49.55-PM-1536x805.png 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-1.49.55-PM-2048x1073.png 2048w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-1.49.55-PM-500x262.png 500w\" alt=\"\" width=\"940\" height=\"492\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2332\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-2332\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photographic sources for Harper\u2019s illustrations, taken behind Union lines in Louisiana, April 1863 (Library of Congress)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_2364\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-8.40.57-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-2364\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-8.40.57-PM-868x1024.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-8.40.57-PM-868x1024.png 868w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-8.40.57-PM-254x300.png 254w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-8.40.57-PM-768x906.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-8.40.57-PM.png 1278w\" alt=\"Colorized\" width=\"868\" height=\"1024\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2364\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-2364\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Colorized version of the Scourged Back photograph (courtesy The Daily Mail)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>For full background on the story of Peter (or Gordon), see <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/course-syllabus\/cotton-revolution\/\">this page at the History 288 course site<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Memory &amp; Meaning<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u201cGlory\u201d (1989)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/KD5DVxqmjRo\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong>Coming Soon \u2026 \u201cEmancipation\u201d (Will Smith)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/deadline.com\/2021\/04\/apple-will-smith-antoine-fuqua-runaway-slave-movie-emancipation-georgia-exit-election-law-1234732247\/\">\u201cEmancipation,\u201d leaves Georgia; a \u201crunaway slave thriller\u201d telling the story of Peter in 1863<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Emancipation Day (January 1, 1863) January 1, 1863 (public) Beaufort, South Carolina, January 1, 1863 &#8220;And I hereby enjoin upon the people so declared to be free to abstain from all violence, unless in necessary self-defence; and I recommend to &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/course-syllabus\/wars-turning-points\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":373,"featured_media":0,"parent":11,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-3672","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3672","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/373"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3672"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3672\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3672"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}