{"id":5124,"date":"2026-01-09T01:02:53","date_gmt":"2026-01-09T01:02:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/?page_id=5124"},"modified":"2026-01-09T01:02:53","modified_gmt":"2026-01-09T01:02:53","slug":"american-voices-1860s","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/course-syllabus\/american-voices-1860s\/","title":{"rendered":"American Voices: 1860s"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_423\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-423\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/08\/Gettysburg-Platform-with-Nine-Numbers.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-423 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/08\/Gettysburg-Platform-with-Nine-Numbers.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 869px) 100vw, 869px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/08\/Gettysburg-Platform-with-Nine-Numbers.jpg 869w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/08\/Gettysburg-Platform-with-Nine-Numbers-300x138.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/08\/Gettysburg-Platform-with-Nine-Numbers-768x354.jpg 768w\" alt=\"Gettysburg\" width=\"869\" height=\"400\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-423\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fig 1 = Wayne MacVeagh (PA Unionist); Fig 2 = John Hay (White House aide); Fig 3 = John Nicolay (White House aide);\u00a0<strong>Abraham Lincoln (circled)<\/strong>; Fig 4 = William Seward (Secretary of State); Fig 5 = Edward Everett (main orator); Fig 6 = John Forney (PA newspaper editor); Fig 7 = Andrew Curtin (PA gov with son); Fig 8 = Horatio Seymour (NY gov); Fig 9 = David Tod (OH gov) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/item\/2012648250\/\">Library of Congress<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>TEXT:\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/texts\/abraham-lincoln-gettysburg-address-1863\/\">Lincoln, Gettysburg Address (1863)<\/a><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Ten sentences, about 272 words (depending on which draft)<\/li>\n<li>Delivered at the Soldiers\u2019 National Cemetery dedication ceremony in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania on November 19, 1863<\/li>\n<li>There are five versions of the Gettysburg Address in Lincoln\u2019s handwriting; the last one (created in March 1864) is the version that appears in textbooks and on the wall of the Lincoln Memorial<\/li>\n<li>The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/2025\/01\/22\/fergus-bordewich-to-deliver-2025-wert-lecture\/\">lectern from the November 19th ceremony<\/a>\u00a0is featured each spring at Dickinson during the annual Wert Lecture hosted by the House Divided Project<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>CONTEXT:\u00a0 Election of 1864<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newspapers.com\/article\/the-evansville-daily-journal-francis-spi\/183462677\/\">\u201cLet the dead bury the dead.\u201d<\/a>\u00a0 That was a comment reported in the newspapers in mid-November 1863 by one of Secretary of Treasury Salmon Chase\u2019s top aides, dismissing Lincoln\u2019s decision to attend the cemetery dedication at Gettysburg.\u00a0 At that time, Chase was quietly campaigning to replace Lincoln as the Union (or Republican) party\u2019s presidential nominee.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>SUBTEXT:\u00a0 Identifying Omissions<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>What words or ideas were missing from this speech?\n<ul>\n<li>See the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/files\/2025\/10\/Handout-Debating-Gettysburg-Address.pdf\">\u201cdebate\u201d over Lincoln\u2019s omissions<\/a>\u00a0involving responses from Frederick Douglass and Anna Dickinson in early 1864<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fig 1 = Wayne MacVeagh (PA Unionist); Fig 2 = John Hay (White House aide); Fig 3 = John Nicolay (White House aide);\u00a0Abraham Lincoln (circled); Fig 4 = William Seward (Secretary of State); Fig 5 = Edward Everett (main orator); &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/course-syllabus\/american-voices-1860s\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":373,"featured_media":0,"parent":11,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-5124","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5124","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/373"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5124"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5124\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5125,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5124\/revisions\/5125"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-117pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5124"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}