{"id":4924,"date":"2021-03-02T03:22:36","date_gmt":"2021-03-02T03:22:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/?page_id=4924"},"modified":"2023-08-26T02:24:40","modified_gmt":"2023-08-26T02:24:40","slug":"1920s","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/course-syllabus\/1920s\/","title":{"rendered":"1920s"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote>\n<h3>Which dynamic more thoroughly defined the 1920s:\u00a0 fast-paced social change or fierce political reaction?<\/h3>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/22-the-twenties\/\"><strong>American Yawp, Chapter 22: The New Era<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/22-the-twenties\/#I_Introduction\">I. Introduction<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/22-the-twenties\/#II_Republican_White_House_1921-1933\">II. Republican White House, 1921-1933<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/22-the-twenties\/#III_Culture_of_Consumption\">III. Culture of Consumption<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/22-the-twenties\/#IV_Culture_of_Escape\">IV. Culture of Escape<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/22-the-twenties\/#V_The_New_Woman\">V. \u201cThe New Woman\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/22-the-twenties\/#VI_The_New_Negro\">VI. \u201cThe New Negro\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/22-the-twenties\/#VII_Culture_War\">VII. Culture War<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/22-the-twenties\/#VIII_Fundamentalist_Christianity\">VIII. Fundamentalist Christianity<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/22-the-twenties\/#IX_Rebirth_of_the_Ku_Klux_Klan_KKK\">IX. Rebirth of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/22-the-twenties\/#X_Conclusion\">X. Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/22-the-twenties\/#XI_Primary_Sources\">XI. Primary Sources<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/22-the-twenties\/#XII_Reference_Material\">XII. Reference Material<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Image Gateway<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div id=\"attachment_4926\" style=\"width: 794px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.20.55-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4926\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4926\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.20.55-PM-784x1024.png\" alt=\"Flapper\" width=\"784\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.20.55-PM-784x1024.png 784w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.20.55-PM-230x300.png 230w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.20.55-PM-768x1003.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.20.55-PM.png 920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 784px) 100vw, 784px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-4926\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flapper style (Yawp, chap. 22)<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Discussion Question<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The &#8220;flapper style&#8221; of the 1920s certainly represented change, but what kind of change and how revolutionary was this cultural shift?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Russell Baker\u2019s Pulitzer Prizer-winning\u00a0memoir of his Depression era childhood,\u00a0<em>Growing Up\u00a0<\/em>(1981) offers a wonderful gateway to study the period between 1900 and 1945.\u00a0 Baker&#8217;s account is especially insightful for understanding the the role of women in the 1920s and the 1930s from a child&#8217;s perspective.\u00a0 Baker grew up in a household dominated by strong women who nonetheless struggled against enormous cultural and economic obstacles as they tried to protect their families.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/course-syllabus\/growing-up\/\">View resource page on <em>Growing Up<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>American Dreams<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2010\/10\/baker.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-97\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2010\/10\/baker.jpg\" alt=\"Baker\" width=\"225\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2010\/10\/baker.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2010\/10\/baker-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/a>&#8220;Fifty years ago parents still asked boys if they wanted to grow up to be President, and asked it not jokingly but seriously.\u00a0 Many parents who were hardly more than paupers still believed their sons could do it.\u00a0 Abraham Lincoln had done it.\u00a0 We were only sixty-five years from Lincoln.\u00a0 Many a grandfather who walked among us could remember Lincoln&#8217;s time.\u00a0 Men of grandfatherly age were the worst for asking if you wanted to grow up to be President.\u00a0 A surprising number of little boys said yes and meant it.&#8221; (<em>Growing Up,\u00a0<\/em>chapter 2)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>New Women and New Attitudes<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Lancaster, VA: &#8220;A girl of sixteen [my mother] denounced [sexism] while arguing the case for women&#8217;s suffrage in her 1913 high school debate. \u00a0&#8220;Women do not ask to be placed on a throne as goddess or queen,&#8221; she said. \u00a0&#8220;They are content to be equal. \u00a0At present they are only half-citizens. \u00a0Is the right to vote to be not a matter of right or justice, but a mere matter of pantaloons?&#8221; (<em>Growing Up, <\/em>chapter 3)<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_4925\" style=\"width: 950px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.18.13-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4925\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4925\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.18.13-PM-1024x571.png\" alt=\"Ford\" width=\"940\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.18.13-PM-1024x571.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.18.13-PM-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.18.13-PM-768x428.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.18.13-PM-1536x857.png 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.18.13-PM-500x279.png 500w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.18.13-PM.png 1976w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-4925\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ford sedan, circa 1923 (Yawp, chap. 22)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Washington, DC: &#8220;In March of 1925 [Ida Rebecca Baker]&#8217;s son [Benny] and his schoolteacher [Lucy Robinson] went discreetly down to Washington to be married. \u00a0They were both twenty-seven years old. \u00a0I was born six months later and immediately became the darling of my doting grandmother. \u00a0With all her love for me, however, she never forgave my mother, and my mother returned the scorn measure for measure.&#8221; (<em>Growing Up, <\/em>chapter 3)<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Rural Life<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Morrisonville, VA:\u00a0 &#8220;I was enjoying the luxuries of a rustic nineteenth-century boyhood, but for the women Morrisonville had few rewards. \u00a0Both my mother and grandmother kept house very much as women did before the Civil War. \u00a0It was astonishing that they had any energy left, after a day&#8217;s work, to nourish their mutual disdain. \u00a0Their lives were hard, endless, dirty labor. \u00a0They had no electricity, gas, plumbing, or central heating. \u00a0No refrigerator, no radio, no telephone, no automatic laundry, no vacuum cleaner. \u00a0Lacking indoor toilets, they had to empty, scour, and fumigate each morning the noisome slop jars which sat in bedrooms during the night. \u00a0For baths, laundry, and dishwashing, they hauled buckets of water from a spring at the foot of a hill. \u00a0To heat it, they chopped kindling to fire wood stoves. \u00a0They boiled laundry in tubs, scrubbed it on washboards until knuckles were raw, and wrung it out by hand. \u00a0Ironing was a business of lifting heavy metal weights heated on the stove top. \u00a0They scrubbed floors on hands and knees, thrashed rugs with carpet beaters, killed and plucked their own chickens, baked bread and pastries, grew and canned their own vegetables, patched the family&#8217;s clothing on treadle-operated sewing machines, deloused the chicken coops, preserved fruits, picked potato bugs and tomato worms to protect their garden crop, darned stockings, made jelly and relishes, rose before the men to start the stove for breakfast and pack lunch pails, polished chimneys of kerosene lamps, and even found time to tend to the geraniums, hollyhocks, nasturtiums, dahlias, and peonies that grew around every house. \u00a0By the end of a summer day a Morrisonville woman had toiled like a serf.&#8221; (<em>Growing Up, <\/em>chapter 3)<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_4929\" style=\"width: 950px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.25.01-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4929\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4929\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.25.01-PM-1024x540.png\" alt=\"Darrow\" width=\"940\" height=\"496\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.25.01-PM-1024x540.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.25.01-PM-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.25.01-PM-768x405.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.25.01-PM-1536x810.png 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.25.01-PM-500x264.png 500w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.25.01-PM.png 1942w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-4929\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Clarence Darrow (right) during Scopes Trial, 1925 (Yawp, chap. 22)<\/p><\/div>\n<h3><strong>Urbanization<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div id=\"attachment_4930\" style=\"width: 148px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.27.57-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4930\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-4930\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.27.57-PM-138x300.png\" alt=\"Ads\" width=\"138\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.27.57-PM-138x300.png 138w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.27.57-PM-469x1024.png 469w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-01-at-10.27.57-PM.png 584w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 138px) 100vw, 138px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-4930\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Various advertisements, 1924 (Yawp, chap. 22)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&#8220;Brunswick was a huge railway center on the B&amp;O Main Line, which linked the Atlantic coast to Chicago and midwestern steel centers. \u00a0Approaching it was almost unbearably thrilling. \u00a0You crossed an endless, rickety cantilever bridge after pausing on the Virginia bank to pay a one-dollar toll&#8230;Three of my uncles lived there: \u00a0Uncle Tom, Uncle Harvey, and Uncle Lewis. \u00a0They were expected to sit on Ida Rebecca&#8217;s porch, too, but only on Sundays. \u00a0As citizens of Brunswick, they had crossed over into a world of Byzantine splendor. \u00a0Brunswick had a department store and a movie house. \u00a0There was a street stretching for two or three blocks lined with stores, including a drug store where you could sit down at a round marble top table and have somebody bring you an ice-cream soda. \u00a0There were whole blocks of houses jammed one right up against another, the blocks laid out in a grid pattern on hills steep enough to tire a mountain goat.&#8221; (<em>Growing Up, <\/em>chapter 3)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Which dynamic more thoroughly defined the 1920s:\u00a0 fast-paced social change or fierce political reaction? American Yawp, Chapter 22: The New Era I. Introduction II. Republican White House, 1921-1933 III. Culture of Consumption IV. Culture of Escape V. \u201cThe New Woman\u201d VI. \u201cThe New Negro\u201d VII. Culture War VIII. Fundamentalist Christianity IX. Rebirth of the Ku [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":373,"featured_media":0,"parent":13,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-4924","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4924","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/373"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4924"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4924\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4924"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}