{"id":6804,"date":"2023-08-27T23:19:14","date_gmt":"2023-08-27T23:19:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/?page_id=6804"},"modified":"2025-03-18T09:49:57","modified_gmt":"2025-03-18T13:49:57","slug":"world-war-ii-homefront","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/course-syllabus\/world-war-ii-homefront\/","title":{"rendered":"World War II: Homefront"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote>\n<h3>What were the most significant social and economic challenges on the WWII homefront?<\/h3>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/24-world-war-ii\/\"><strong>American Yawp, chapter 24: World War II<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/24-world-war-ii\/#VII_The_Wartime_Economy\">VII. The Wartime Economy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/24-world-war-ii\/#VIII_Women_and_World_War_II\">VIII. Women and World War II<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/24-world-war-ii\/#IX_Race_and_World_War_II\">IX. Race and World War II<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/24-world-war-ii\/#X_Toward_a_Postwar_World\">X. Toward a Postwar World<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/24-world-war-ii\/#XI_Conclusion\">XI. Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/24-world-war-ii\/#XII_Primary_Sources\">XII. Primary Sources<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/text\/24-world-war-ii\/#XIII_Reference_Material\">XIII. Reference Material<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Key Statistics<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8220;Government spending during the four years of war doubled all federal spending in all of American history up to that point.&#8221; &#8212;<em>American Yawp<\/em>, Chapter 24: VII<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;With the economy booming and twenty million American workers placed into military service, unemployment virtually disappeared.&#8221; &#8212;<em>American Yawp<\/em>, Chapter 24: VII<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Although such jobs were often traditionally gendered female, over a million administrative jobs at the local, state, and national levels were transferred from men to women for the duration of the war&#8230;.Military service was another option for women who wanted to join the war effort. Over 350,000 women served in several all-female units of the military branches.&#8221; &#8212;<em>American Yawp, <\/em>Chapter 24: VIII<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;More than one million African Americans fought in the war. Most Black servicemen served in segregated, noncombat units led by white officers&#8230;.And near the end of the war, the army and navy began integrating some of their units and facilities, before the U.S. government finally ordered the full integration of its armed forces in 1948.&#8221; &#8212;<em>American Yawp,\u00a0<\/em>Chapter 24: IX<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;But the Holocaust\u2014the systematic murder of eleven million civilians, including six million Jews\u2014had been under way for years. How did America respond?&#8221; &#8212;<em>American Yawp,\u00a0<\/em>Chapter 24: IX<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Image Gateway<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/01\/Screen-Shot-2022-01-20-at-12.32.12-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5617\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/01\/Screen-Shot-2022-01-20-at-12.32.12-PM-1024x766.png\" alt=\"Internment\" width=\"940\" height=\"703\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/01\/Screen-Shot-2022-01-20-at-12.32.12-PM-1024x766.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/01\/Screen-Shot-2022-01-20-at-12.32.12-PM-300x224.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/01\/Screen-Shot-2022-01-20-at-12.32.12-PM-768x574.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/01\/Screen-Shot-2022-01-20-at-12.32.12-PM-1536x1149.png 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/01\/Screen-Shot-2022-01-20-at-12.32.12-PM-401x300.png 401w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/01\/Screen-Shot-2022-01-20-at-12.32.12-PM.png 1602w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Featured Document:\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/reader\/24-world-war-ii\/fdr-executive-order-no-9066-1942\/\">Executive Order No. 9066 (1942)<\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&#8220;Now, therefore, by virtue of the authority vested in me as President of the United States, and Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy, I hereby authorize and direct the Secretary of War, and the Military Commanders whom he may from time to time designate, whenever he or any designated Commander deems such action necessary or desirable, to prescribe military areas in such places and of such extent as he or the appropriate Military Commander may determine, from which any or all persons may be excluded, and with respect to which, the right of any person to enter, remain in, or leave shall be subject to whatever restrictions the Secretary of War or the appropriate Military Commander may impose in his discretion. The Secretary of War is hereby authorized to provide for residents of any such area who are excluded therefrom, such transportation, food, shelter, and other accommodations as may be necessary, in the judgment of the Secretary of War or the said Military Commander, and until other arrangements are made, to accomplish the purpose of this order. The designation of military areas in any region or locality shall supersede designations of prohibited and restricted areas by the Attorney General under the Proclamations of December 7 and 8, 1941, and shall supersede the responsibility and authority of the Attorney General under the said Proclamations in respect of such prohibited and restricted areas&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>&#8230;This order shall not be construed as modifying or limiting in any way the authority heretofore granted under Executive Order No. 8972, dated December 12, 1941, nor shall it be construed as limiting or modifying the duty and responsibility of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, with respect to the investigation of alleged acts of sabotage or the duty and responsibility of the Attorney General and the Department of Justice under the Proclamations of December 7 and 8, 1941, prescribing regulations for the\u00a0conduct and control of\u00a0alien enemies,\u00a0except as such duty and responsibility is superseded by the designation of military areas hereunder.<\/p>\n<p>Franklin Delano Roosevelt, February 19, 1942<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.densho.org\/Korematsu_v._United_States\/\">Korematsu v. US (1944)<\/a> (Densho Encyclopedia)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.densho.org\/Ex_parte_Mitsuye_Endo_(1944)\/\">Ex parte Endo<\/a> (1944) (Densho Encyclopedia)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Discussion Question<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Just over one week before issuing this executive order, FDR advised his secretary of war during a recorded phone call that regarding the prospect of internment for Japanese alien residents and Japanese Americans, &#8220;Be as reasonable as you can.&#8221;\u00a0 Why would FDR and so many other policy-makers at this time consider such an order to be &#8220;reasonable&#8221;?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Dickinson Connection<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2018\/01\/Esther-Popel-and-Daughter.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-3987\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2018\/01\/Esther-Popel-and-Daughter.jpg\" alt=\"Popel\" width=\"158\" height=\"221\" \/><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Esther Popel<\/strong> (1896-1958) was a teacher, poet, editor, activist and the first female African American graduate of Dickinson College (Class of 1919).\u00a0 She married a chemist named William Shaw in 1925.\u00a0 The couple had one daughter.\u00a0 Popel used her married name, but typically wrote and published under her maiden name.\u00a0 She identified with the Harlem Renaissance literary movement and is probably best known for her searing poem, <a href=\"http:\/\/archives.dickinson.edu\/document-descriptions\/flag-salute-esther-popel-shaw\">\u201cThe Flag Salute\u201d (1934)<\/a>, about a lynching that had occurred the previous year in Maryland.\u00a0 However, Popel also wrote a short, fascinating memoir entitled,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/archives.dickinson.edu\/document-descriptions\/personal-adventures-race-relations-esther-popel\">\u201cPersonal Adventures in Race Relations\u201d (1948)<\/a>\u00a0that is available online through the Dickinson College Archives and which probably conveys her smart, witty but subtly combative personality as well as any source.\u00a0 For a full biographical entry on Esther Popel Shaw with a useful bibliography of her works, see Malinda Triller Doran\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/archives.dickinson.edu\/people\/esther-popel-shaw-1896-1958\">post<\/a> at the Dickinson Archives. To learn more about how students at Dickinson are engaging with the legacy of Esther Popel in their own lives, visit the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dickinson.edu\/homepage\/72\/popel_shaw_center_for_race_and_ethnicity\">Popel Shaw Center for Race &amp; Ethnicity<\/a>.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;The Negro director of a Federal Housing Project in Chicago [Robert Taylor] was asked to find a place on his staff for a Japanese-American girl just out of a relocation center. She was seeking employment. When the director approached his colored office workers on the subject they all objected most strenuously. They didn\u2019t want to work with a &#8220;Jap\u201d. In order to change this feeling the director gave a long and stirring lecture to them on proper racial attitudes, until he finally succeeded in overcoming their objections. The Japanese-American girl came, and as the weeks passed she and the one girl in particular who had at first so bitterly opposed her employment became good friends. One day the latter was talking about the Nisei girl to her director. After expressing her affection for the new office worker she said: &#8220;You know, Mitsui is very glad she\u2019s working here with us. She said she\u2019d so much rather be here than with those Jews in the downtown office!\u201d &#8212;<a href=\"https:\/\/archives.dickinson.edu\/sites\/all\/files\/files_document\/Popel_Personal-Adventures-Race-Relations.pdf\">Esther Popel, Personal Adventures in Race Relations (1948)<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-30-at-7.04.27-AM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-4992 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-30-at-7.04.27-AM-818x1024.png\" alt=\"Flag Salute\" width=\"818\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-30-at-7.04.27-AM-818x1024.png 818w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-30-at-7.04.27-AM-240x300.png 240w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-30-at-7.04.27-AM-768x962.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2021\/03\/Screen-Shot-2021-03-30-at-7.04.27-AM.png 966w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 818px) 100vw, 818px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: none;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wevideo.com\/view\/2254136762\" width=\"652\" height=\"379\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Double V Campaign<\/h2>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newspapers.com\/image\/40066943\/?fcfToken=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJmcmVlLXZpZXctaWQiOjQwMDY2OTQzLCJpYXQiOjE2NjcyMzc3NDYsImV4cCI6MTY2NzMyNDE0Nn0.IStZfmNhd1hFYLEgeu53MFDpuAHLHAOpVqR75BlF8sI\"><strong>The famous letter (Pittsburgh Courier, January 31, 1942)<\/strong><\/a><\/h2>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Screen-Shot-2022-10-31-at-1.17.11-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6329 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Screen-Shot-2022-10-31-at-1.17.11-PM.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 528px) 100vw, 528px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Screen-Shot-2022-10-31-at-1.17.11-PM.png 528w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Screen-Shot-2022-10-31-at-1.17.11-PM-117x300.png 117w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Screen-Shot-2022-10-31-at-1.17.11-PM-399x1024.png 399w\" alt=\"Double V letter\" width=\"528\" height=\"1354\" \/><\/a><\/h3>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.newspapers.com\/the-double-v-campaign\/\">James Gratz Thompson (born 1915, age 26)<\/a><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Screen-Shot-2022-10-31-at-1.12.26-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-6332\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Screen-Shot-2022-10-31-at-1.12.26-PM-1024x729.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Screen-Shot-2022-10-31-at-1.12.26-PM-1024x729.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Screen-Shot-2022-10-31-at-1.12.26-PM-300x213.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Screen-Shot-2022-10-31-at-1.12.26-PM-768x547.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Screen-Shot-2022-10-31-at-1.12.26-PM-1536x1093.png 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Screen-Shot-2022-10-31-at-1.12.26-PM-422x300.png 422w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Screen-Shot-2022-10-31-at-1.12.26-PM.png 1734w\" alt=\"Thompson\" width=\"940\" height=\"669\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Double-V.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6339\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Double-V-861x1024.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 461px) 100vw, 461px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Double-V-861x1024.png 861w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Double-V-252x300.png 252w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Double-V-768x914.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Double-V.png 1277w\" alt=\"\" width=\"461\" height=\"548\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><strong>Career details on Thompson<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>James G. Thompson came to Pittsburgh in late 1942 to help coordinate\u00a0<span class=\"markxnfnslima\" data-markjs=\"true\" data-ogac=\"\" data-ogab=\"\" data-ogsc=\"\" data-ogsb=\"\">Double<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"mark30wf4moil\" data-markjs=\"true\" data-ogac=\"\" data-ogab=\"\" data-ogsc=\"\" data-ogsb=\"\">V<\/span>\u00a0campaign for the<em>\u00a0Courier<\/em>\u00a0before enlisting in US Army where he served from 1943 to 1946, along with more than one million other African Americans.\u00a0 Thompson served both stateside and overseas, with tours of duty in the India-Burma theater.<\/li>\n<li>Married Erma Hortense Britt in 1944 in San Bernadino, CA\u00a0 and lived in\u00a0 Los Angeles California, working for a time as a salesman for a\u00a0<span class=\"mark30wf4moil\" data-markjs=\"true\" data-ogac=\"\" data-ogab=\"\" data-ogsc=\"\" data-ogsb=\"\">v<\/span>acuum company while she was a typist.\u00a0 They appear to have divorced in the 1960s.<\/li>\n<li>In 1950, Thompson was denied a pension because he had enlisted from Pennsylvania without being resident long enough.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_6333\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Thompson-pension.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6333 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Thompson-pension-1024x887.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Thompson-pension-1024x887.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Thompson-pension-300x260.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Thompson-pension-768x666.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Thompson-pension-346x300.png 346w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Thompson-pension.png 1274w\" alt=\"\" width=\"940\" height=\"814\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6333\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-6333\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thompson\u2019s rejected 1950 pension application (Ancestry.com)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div id=\"attachment_6334\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Thompson-as-older-man.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-6334\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Thompson-as-older-man-139x300.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 139px) 100vw, 139px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Thompson-as-older-man-139x300.png 139w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Thompson-as-older-man-476x1024.png 476w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/files\/2022\/10\/Thompson-as-older-man.png 704w\" alt=\"Thompson\" width=\"139\" height=\"300\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6334\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-6334\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thompson, age 54<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>In 1969, J. Gratz Thompson was named as a coordinator for the Human Resources Corporation in Kansas City, MO after recently serving as a youth supervisor at a local boys home and as a substitute teacher.\u00a0 The article called him a newspaperman, included a photo, and stated that he had most recently worked on the news desk of the\u00a0<em>Las\u00a0<span class=\"mark30wf4moil\" data-markjs=\"true\" data-ogac=\"\" data-ogab=\"\" data-ogsc=\"\" data-ogsb=\"\">V<\/span>egas Sun<\/em>.\u00a0 No mention of the\u00a0<span class=\"markxnfnslima\" data-markjs=\"true\" data-ogac=\"\" data-ogab=\"\" data-ogsc=\"\" data-ogsb=\"\">Double<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"mark30wf4moil\" data-markjs=\"true\" data-ogac=\"\" data-ogab=\"\" data-ogsc=\"\" data-ogsb=\"\">V<\/span>\u00a0campaign.<\/li>\n<li>James G. Thompson died in Wichita in 1999.\u00a0 His death notice in the\u00a0<em>Wichita Eagle<\/em>, October 15, 1999, listed him as journalist but made no mention of the\u00a0<span class=\"markxnfnslima\" data-markjs=\"true\" data-ogac=\"\" data-ogab=\"\" data-ogsc=\"\" data-ogsb=\"\">Double<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"mark30wf4moil\" data-markjs=\"true\" data-ogac=\"\" data-ogab=\"\" data-ogsc=\"\" data-ogsb=\"\">V<\/span>\u00a0campaign.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What were the most significant social and economic challenges on the WWII homefront? American Yawp, chapter 24: World War II VII. The Wartime Economy VIII. Women and World War II IX. Race and World War II X. Toward a Postwar World XI. Conclusion XII. Primary Sources XIII. Reference Material Key Statistics &#8220;Government spending during the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":373,"featured_media":0,"parent":13,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-6804","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6804","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/373"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6804"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6804\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-118pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6804"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}