{"id":5835,"date":"2025-03-02T18:10:00","date_gmt":"2025-03-02T18:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-204pinsker\/?page_id=5835"},"modified":"2025-04-14T10:33:37","modified_gmt":"2025-04-14T15:33:37","slug":"other-sources","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-204pinsker\/course-syllabus\/other-sources\/","title":{"rendered":"Other Sources"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Schrag&#8217;s Checklist of Non-Text Primary Sources (chap. 7)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Numbers<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-204pinsker\/map-room\/\">Maps<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Images<\/li>\n<li>Portraits<\/li>\n<li>Motion Pictures and Recordings<\/li>\n<li>Artifacts<\/li>\n<li>Buildings and Plans<\/li>\n<li>Places<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Case study:\u00a0 The Scourged Back<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_2330\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-01-at-11.34.22-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-2330\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-01-at-11.34.22-PM-1024x679.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-01-at-11.34.22-PM-1024x679.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-01-at-11.34.22-PM-300x199.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-01-at-11.34.22-PM-768x509.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-01-at-11.34.22-PM-1536x1019.png 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-01-at-11.34.22-PM-452x300.png 452w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-01-at-11.34.22-PM.png 1918w\" alt=\"Gordon images\" width=\"940\" height=\"623\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2330\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-2330\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Original \u201cScourged Back\u201d images from Harper\u2019s Weekly, July 4, 1863<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_2332\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-1.49.55-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-2332\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-1.49.55-PM-1024x536.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-1.49.55-PM-1024x536.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-1.49.55-PM-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-1.49.55-PM-768x402.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-1.49.55-PM-1536x805.png 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-1.49.55-PM-2048x1073.png 2048w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-1.49.55-PM-500x262.png 500w\" alt=\"\" width=\"940\" height=\"492\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2332\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-2332\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photographic sources for Harper\u2019s illustrations, taken behind Union lines in Louisiana, April 1863 (Library of Congress)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_2620\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2023\/01\/Sourged-Back-colorized.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2620\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2023\/01\/Sourged-Back-colorized.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 307px) 100vw, 307px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2023\/01\/Sourged-Back-colorized.jpg 307w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2023\/01\/Sourged-Back-colorized-180x300.jpg 180w\" alt=\"Colorized scourged back\" width=\"307\" height=\"512\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2620\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-2620\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>\u201cScourged Back\u201d by William D. McPherson, Baton Rouge, 1863, colorized in 2023 using artificial intelligence (AI) programs<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>The Independent<\/em>\u00a0from New York, an antislavery periodical, first described the \u201cScourged Back\u201d photographs on May 28, 1863, in an article that urged the likeness to be distributed widely as a \u201ccard-photograph\u201d or carte de visite (CDV; see Brady version on far right above). The new editor, Theodore Tilton, wrote:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cThis card-photograph should be multiplied by the hundred thousand, and scattered over the States. It tells the story in a way that even Mrs. Stowe cannot approach; because it tells the story to the eye.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>You can read a reprint of that original May 28th article in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newspapers.com\/clip\/84780379\/reprint-of-original-the-independent\/\">The Liberator, June 19, 1863<\/a>, which had just the week before begun selling the \u201cScourged Back\u201d CDVs for 15 cents per card.\u00a0 That same week, William Lloyd Garrison, Jr. also provided his own reaction to the \u201cScourged Back\u201d in a piece for his father\u2019s newspaper on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newspapers.com\/clip\/84781927\/dumb-witness-partial-excerpt\/\">June 12, 1863<\/a>.\u00a0 The editor\u2019s son\u00a0 quoted a letter from a white surgeon in a black union regiment (First Louisiana) reporting that he had seen \u201chundreds\u201d of such scourged backs among his men and that the image was important, because, \u201cIt is a lecture in itself.\u201d<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_2359\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-7.52.21-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2359\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-7.52.21-PM-129x300.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 129px) 100vw, 129px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-7.52.21-PM-129x300.png 129w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-7.52.21-PM-441x1024.png 441w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-7.52.21-PM.png 544w\" alt=\"July 25, 1863\" width=\"129\" height=\"300\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2359\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-2359\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Southern Illustrated News, July 25, 1863<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Especially following the publication on the illustrations in\u00a0<em>Harpers<\/em>\u00a0in July 1863, Southern and some Northern Democratic newspapers denied the authenticity of the story behind the scourged back images.\u00a0 The Southern Illustrated News wrote on July 25, 1863:\u00a0 \u201cA more palpable falsehood was never published in any Yankee newspaper.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Under the headline, \u201cPoor Peter,\u201d the\u00a0<i>New York Tribune<\/i>\u00a0provided a fuller description of the background behind the infamy of the \u201cscourged back\u201d images, explaining that there were two different, French-speaking \u201ccontrabands,\u201d Peter (whipped back) and Gordon (ragged clothes), not a single transformed runaway, who appeared behind Union lines near Baton Rouge.\u00a0 The description, including a translation of an interview with Peter, appeared in an article from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newspapers.com\/image\/78661360\/\">December 3, 1863<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-2.14.58-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2339 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-2.14.58-PM.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 912px) 100vw, 912px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-2.14.58-PM.png 912w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-2.14.58-PM-300x194.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-2.14.58-PM-768x497.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-2.14.58-PM-464x300.png 464w\" alt=\"Poor Peter\" width=\"912\" height=\"590\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The best scholarly account of the \u201cscourged back\u201d image comes from David Silkenat, \u201c\u2018A Typical Negro\u2019: Gordon, Peter, Vincent Colyer, and the Story behind Slavery\u2019s Most Famous Photograph,\u201d\u00a0<em>American Nineteenth Century History\u00a0<\/em>15 (2014): 169-86 (America: History &amp; Life).\u00a0 Silkenat identifies the likely\u00a0<em>Harper\u2019s<\/em>\u00a0illustrator and author of the \u201cA Typical Negro\u201d article as\u00a0<strong>Vincent Colyer<\/strong>, showing how the artist and government agent re-used two of the images (the before &amp; after illustrations) in a book about his experiences in North Carolina. In that volume, Colyer claimed the black soldier who had appeared in Union lines was a runaway named Furney Bryant.\u00a0 However, Silkenat doubts the veracity of this claim.\u00a0 He does seem more willing to accept the possibility that the December 1863\u00a0<em>Tribune\u00a0<\/em>article distinguishing between \u201cPeter\u201d and \u201cGordon\u201d was accurate, though even on this critical point, he lacks certainty.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/digital.lib.ecu.edu\/13431\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2361 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-8.17.27-PM-1024x717.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-8.17.27-PM-1024x717.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-8.17.27-PM-300x210.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-8.17.27-PM-768x538.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-8.17.27-PM-1536x1076.png 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-8.17.27-PM-428x300.png 428w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-288pinsker\/files\/2021\/09\/Screen-Shot-2021-09-05-at-8.17.27-PM.png 1768w\" alt=\"Furney Bryant\" width=\"940\" height=\"658\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201cEmancipation\u201d (2022)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/deadline.com\/2021\/04\/apple-will-smith-antoine-fuqua-runaway-slave-movie-emancipation-georgia-exit-election-law-1234732247\/\">\u201cEmancipation,\u201d leaves Georgia; a \u201crunaway slave thriller\u201d telling the story of Peter in 1863<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wafyhTpWpUs\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Schrag&#8217;s Checklist of Non-Text Primary Sources (chap. 7) Numbers Maps Images Portraits Motion Pictures and Recordings Artifacts Buildings and Plans Places Case study:\u00a0 The Scourged Back Original \u201cScourged Back\u201d images from Harper\u2019s Weekly, July 4, 1863 Photographic sources for Harper\u2019s illustrations, taken behind Union lines in Louisiana, April 1863 (Library of Congress) \u201cScourged Back\u201d by [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":373,"featured_media":0,"parent":13,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5835","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-204pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5835","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-204pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-204pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-204pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/373"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-204pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5835"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-204pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5835\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-204pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-204pinsker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}