{"id":333,"date":"2014-01-09T15:44:14","date_gmt":"2014-01-09T15:44:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/syllabus\/?p=333"},"modified":"2017-05-24T19:14:45","modified_gmt":"2017-05-24T19:14:45","slug":"american-nature-writing-environment-culture-values","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/syllabus\/2014\/01\/09\/american-nature-writing-environment-culture-values\/","title":{"rendered":"American Nature Writing: Environment, Culture, Values"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"sk2YVLtpaI\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/urbanaturalroosting\/\">Planetary Living for the New Millennium<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Planetary Living for the New Millennium&#8221; &#8212; Urbanatural Roosting\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/urbanaturalroosting\/embed\/#?secret=pUaOYKAv4f#?secret=sk2YVLtpaI\" data-secret=\"sk2YVLtpaI\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>ENST 111 \/ ENGL 101 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><strong>Fall 2015<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><strong><em>American Nature Writing:<\/em><\/strong><em> <strong>Environment, Culture, Values<\/strong><\/em><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Required Texts:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>American Earth:\u00a0Environmental Writing Since Thoreau. <\/em>Ed. Bill McKibben, Library of America<\/p>\n<p><em>Beyond Romantic Ecocriticism: Toward Urbanatural Roosting, <\/em>Ashton Nichols, Palgrave Macmillan<\/p>\n<p><em>Walden, or Life in the Woods<\/em>, Henry David Thoreau, G. W. Zouck<\/p>\n<p><em>A Sand County Almanac<\/em>, Aldo Leopold, Ballantine\/Random House<\/p>\n<p><em>Desert Solitaire<\/em>, Edward Abbey, Touchstone\/Simon Shuster<\/p>\n<p><em>The End of Nature, Bill McKibben, <\/em>Anchor Doubleday<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Course Aims and Learning Goals:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>What does American nature writing have to do with the environment, culture, and values? A great deal. What does great literature have to do with nonfictional observation of the natural world? A surprising amount. Our course will survey writings by a wide range of authors: young and old, male and female, northern and southern, black and white. We will set this range of works in dialogue with major environmental questions of the past two centuries: wilderness and species preservation, appreciation of wild nature, pollution. The course will also be a study of language, of literary styles, and most of all the link between literature and \u201cenvironment, culture, and values.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Our texts will be literary and scientific. Our contexts will be environmental, ethical, and ecological. We will work to answer a series of questions about the relationship between the natural world and human beings who have defined and affected that world since 1800. Are humans just a part of the natural environment? Are we distinct from nature? Is nature beautiful and benign (sunsets, daffodils, puffins) or ugly and destructive (hurricanes, AIDS, death)? How and why should we preserve nature? Why is climate change considered the major challenge facing the modern world?<\/p>\n<p>We will understand how literary texts reflect the context of the times in which they were produced and also the times in which they have been received by readers. Our guides will include novelists, essayists, and ourselves. We will examine the current importance (as well as the controversial aspects) of evolutionary ideas, and we will emphasize the role played by literature in the development of our own environmental assumptions and values.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>See Useful Websites for\u00a0<em>American Nature Writing<\/em>:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/syllabus\/2014\/01\/09\/american-nature-writing-environment-culture-values\/\"><strong>http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/syllabus\/2014\/01\/09\/american-nature-writing-environment-culture-values\/<\/strong><\/a><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dickinson.edu\/%7Enicholsa\/Romnat\/romnat1.htm\"><strong>Romantic Natural History<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/site\/thoreauandwilderness\/American-Nature-Writing\"><strong>Nature Writing (1791-2009)<\/strong><\/a><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ucmp.berkeley.edu\/history\/evotheory.html\"><strong>Berkeley History of Evolution<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.walden.org\/\"><strong>Walden Woods<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.abbeyweb.net\/\"><strong>Edward Abbey<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aldoleopold.org\/\"><strong>Aldo Leopold<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.billmckibben.com\/\"><strong>Bill McKibben<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/urbanaturalroosting\/\">Urbanatural Roosting Web Portal<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Required Work:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Students will be required to read carefully and come to class prepared to discuss all assigned work. Reading quizzes and in-class writing will contribute to discussions. Discussion will form an important part of your evaluation in this course. More than two (2) unexcused absences will be grounds for lowering your grade. You must complete all required work in order to pass this class.<\/p>\n<p>Grading will be based on the following scale:<\/p>\n<p>Class participation\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014-10%\u00a0\u00a0 (includes group work)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\"><a style=\"color: #000000;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/syllabus\/2014\/02\/06\/essay-1\/\">Short essay (one work)\u2014\u2014\u201320%<\/a><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u2028<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Long essay (authors\/works)\u201330%<\/p>\n<p>Final exam \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014- 40%\u2028Total = 100%<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/syllabus\/2014\/02\/06\/essay-1\/\">The short essay (4-5 pp.) will ask you to analyze a single text. <\/a>The longer essay (9-10 pp.) will ask you to connect at least one work to the culture in which it was produced. The final exam will be cumulative. I am available during office hours and by appointment to discuss the course, our readings, your writing, or your grade.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Academic Honesty<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/lis.dickinson.edu\/Library\/Research\/SubjectGuides\/Reviews\/citingrevs.htm\"><strong>The Dickinson plagiarism policy will be strictly enforced.<\/strong><\/a><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>This class adheres to the College\u2019s Community Standards, which clearly state: \u201cStudents are expected to do their own work. Work submitted in fulfillment of academic assignments and provided on examinations is expected to be original by the student submitting it.\u201d Please review the Community Standards document for more information.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Accommodating Students with Disabilities<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dickinson College makes reasonable academic accommodations for students with documented disabilities. Students requesting accommodations must make their request and provide appropriate documentation to Disability Services in Biddle House. Because classes change every semester, eligible students must obtain a new accommodation letter from Director Marni Jones every semester and review this letter with their professors so the accommodations can be implemented. The Director of Disability Services is available by appointment to answer questions and discuss any implementation issues you may have. Disability Services proctoring is managed by Susan Frommer at 717-254-8107 or <a href=\"https:\/\/exmail.dickinson.edu\/owa\/redir.aspx?C=Si20mPQbIEWLSG9KwglnYoz-TqoRkNEIAKoJ8G0MhoWq-AcGmiI8BQywmoaUkmi3i-mXxFblmaA.&amp;URL=mailto%3aproctoring%40dickinson.edu.\">proctoring@dickinson.edu.<\/a> Address general inquiries to Stephanie Anderberg at 717-245-1734 or e-mail\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/exmail.dickinson.edu\/owa\/redir.aspx?C=Si20mPQbIEWLSG9KwglnYoz-TqoRkNEIAKoJ8G0MhoWq-AcGmiI8BQywmoaUkmi3i-mXxFblmaA.&amp;URL=mailto%3adisabilityservices%40dickinson.edu.\">disabilityservices@dickinson.edu.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Professor Ashton Nichols: K 192 \u00a0<\/strong> <strong>Class meetings: 1:30 &#8211; 2:45 p.m. M TH<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Office Hours: 10:15 a.m. -1:30 p.m. T TH &amp; by appt. \u00a0Classroom: TOME 115<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Readings for American Nature Writing<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>August <\/strong>31 M \u00a0American Nature Writing\u2013our syllabus as a text (+Web)<\/p>\n<p><strong>September<\/strong> 3 TH <em>American Earth, <\/em>xvii-xx, xxi-1,<em>\u00a0and <\/em>Thoreau<em> Journal\u2019s<\/em> 1-8<\/p>\n<p>7 M \u00a0<em>Walden<\/em>, Thoreau Introductions, 5-10,\u00a011-21 and 22-98<\/p>\n<p>10 TH \u00a0Gillen D\u2019Arcy Wood in Class, handout + video<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">[Gillen Darcy Wood YouTube https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=EI9tS4_nl7A]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>10<sup>th<\/sup> Thursday, 7:00 p.m. D\u2019Arcy Wood Lecture (Required) Stern Great Room<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>14 M <em>Walden<\/em>\u00a099-188<\/p>\n<p>17 TH \u00a0 <em>Walden<\/em> \u00a0189-284<\/p>\n<p>21 M <em>Walden<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0285-end\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/syllabus\/2014\/02\/06\/essay-1\/\"><strong>Writing About Literature: Assign Essay #1<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>24 \u00a0TH \u00a0George Catlin, Lydia Sigourney, Susan Fenimore Cooper, Table Rock 37-61<\/p>\n<p>28 M Walt Whitman George Perkins Marsh, P. T. Barnum 62-83<\/p>\n<p><strong>October<\/strong> 1 TH \u00a0John Muir, W. H. H. Murray, Frederick Law Olmstead 84-125<\/p>\n<p>5 M \u00a0John Burroughs, Gifford Pinchot 145-180\u2014<strong>Mark Ruffalo &amp; Ramsay Adams to class <\/strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">[YouTube: 1)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=hmHzzWagyzA\">Mark Ruffalo speaks out against fracking<\/a> PBS &amp; 2)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=hmHzzWagyzA\">Mark Ruffalo Speech at Dickinson College 2015 Commencement<\/a>, &amp; 3)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6gwygRhxXv4\">Ruffalo Dickinson Interview<\/a>] Be ready with questions after Mark and Ramsay&#8217;s presentation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>8 TH \u00a0 N. Darling, Don Marquis 224-238 (pictures) <strong>Workshop<\/strong> <strong>Essay #1 due in class<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>12 M \u00a0<em>Sand County Almanac<\/em>\u00a0Introduction-136<\/p>\n<p><strong>13<sup>th<\/sup> Tuesday, 5:00 p.m. Egbert Leigh Lecture <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>15 TH \u00a0S<em>and County Almanac<\/em>\u00a0137 (\u201cThinking Like a Mountain\u201d)-end \u00a0 <strong>Assign Essay #2\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>19 M FALL PAUSE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>22 TH \u00a0Jane Jacobs, Rachel Carson, Russell Baker\u00a0359-380 +\u00a0Darwin\u00a0<strong>(Outline Below)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>26 M Lynn White, Paul Erlich, Garrett Hardin\u00a0405-412, 435-450<\/p>\n<p>29 TH Philip Dick,\u00a0451-453, Blade Runner\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=KPcZHjKJBnE\">Trailer<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=yWPyRSURYFQ\">\u201cShe\u2019s a Replicant\u201d<\/a>\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=JVUjHTwIPvY\">Film Clip<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>November<\/strong> 2 M <em>Desert Solitaire<\/em>\u00a0Introduction-150<\/p>\n<p>5 TH <em>Desert Solitaire<\/em>\u00a0151-end<\/p>\n<p>9 M 473-479, 489-492 +\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=XJIuP7zEVeM\">Big Yellow Taxi<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=pQu892GGbts\">Mercy, Mercy Me (The Ecology)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>12 \u00a0TH \u00a0Wendell Berry, Annie Dillard 505-549<\/p>\n<p>16 M \u00a0N. Scott Momaday, Leslie Marmon Silko 570-590, Linda Hogan 809-14<\/p>\n<p>19 TH \u00a0Alice Walker \u00a0659-671, Cesar Chavez 690-696<\/p>\n<p>23 M <em>Urbanatural Roosting xiii-xxiii<\/em>, 3-101<\/p>\n<p>26 TH \u00a0THANKSGIVING<\/p>\n<p>30 M \u00a0<em>Urbanatural Roosting <\/em>101-212<\/p>\n<p><strong>December <\/strong>3 TH <em>The End of Nature<\/em>\u00a0xiii-xxiv + 1-78 [YouTube: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=eRdbD3hIDSE\">Bill McKibben at Dickinson &amp; Global Warming;<\/a>\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ofodxNPwOHM\">Do the Math with Bill McKibben<\/a>;\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=er9WlVgaWSM\">David Letterman talks with Bill McKibben. 08\/31\/10<br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<p>7 M \u00a0<em>The End of Nature<\/em>\u00a082-end<\/p>\n<p>10 TH \u00a0 (Final set of pictures, 736-737) Exam Review\u2013<strong>Essay #2 due in class<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2028December 17, Thursday, 2:00 p.m.-5:00 p.m.\u00a0 FINAL EXAM IN CLASSROOM<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Terms to Consider<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>TEXT<\/strong>: n.1. main body of matter in a manuscript, book, newspaper, distinguished from notes, appendixes, headings, illustrations. 2. the actual, original words of an author or speaker. 3. any of the various forms in which a writing exists. [ME, ML text(us) wording, L: structure (of an utterance), texture.]<\/p>\n<p><strong>CONTEXT<\/strong>:\u00a0 n. 1. parts of written or spoken statement that precede or follow a word or passage, usually influencing its meaning or effect. 2. circumstances that surround a particular event, situation, etc. [late ME, L context(us) joining together].<\/p>\n<p><strong>LITERATURE: <\/strong>n. 1. writing regarded as having permanent worth through its intrinsic excellence. 2. The entire body of writings of a specific language, period, people, etc. 3. the writings dealing with a particular subject: the literature of ornithology<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Nature and Humans: Questions to Consider<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1) Are human beings just the mere result of random evolutionary processes over time? Is that all they are?<\/p>\n<p>2)\u201cBe fruitful and multiply.\u201d\u2013Is that a good idea? Is that a waste?<\/p>\n<p>3) Is AIDS natural? Is spinal bifida? Is death? Is nature \u201cgood\u201d?<\/p>\n<p>4) Does evolution necessarily conflict with the religious teachings of Christianity? Can the two viewpoints\u2013religious and scientific\u2013be reconciled?<\/p>\n<p>5) Nature doesn\u2019t care less about you or me? Or does it?<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Darwin and Darwinism:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><em>\u2013\u201dYou can\u2019t wash the slugs out of your lettuce without disrespect to your ancestors.\u201d\u2013Ruskin<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u2014\u201cThe growth of a large business is merely survival of the fittest.\u201d \u2013John D. Rockefeller<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>What were the scientific implications of Darwin\u2019s theory?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>I. The principle of natural selection determines the survival of species.<\/p>\n<p>II. Species have not existed forever in their present form: Galapagos endemism.\u2028 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0A. Each life form on earth is undergoing continual change.\u2028 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B. These changes result from chance mutations.<\/p>\n<p>III. The earth and life on earth have existed for an inconceivably long time.\u2028(Lyell,\u00a0<em>Principles of Geology<\/em>, 1830)<\/p>\n<p>IV. A record of the earlier stages of evolution can be found in fossils and in the anatomy\u2028of living creatures. Chambers,\u00a0<em>Vestiges of Creation<\/em>, 1844)<\/p>\n<p><strong>What were the wider implications of the theory?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Natural laws<\/li>\n<li>Laws of nature subject to change because material conditions governing laws change.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>1.) cooperation: symbiosis or parasitism?<\/p>\n<p>2.) competition: the fittest?<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>There are no \u201cideals\u201d in nature or natural form.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>1.) what is \u201cright\u201d is what succeeds over time.<\/p>\n<p>2.) evolutionary success: shark, horseshoe crab, cockroach<\/p>\n<p>3.) evolutionary\u00a0 failure: dinosaur, human brain (?)<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Theology\u2013<em>\u201cIt is just as noble a conception of the deity to believe he created primal\u00a0forms capable of self-development.\u201d<\/em> \u2013Canon Charles Kingsley<\/li>\n<li>Man is no longer viewed as unique<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>1.) end-product of creation?<\/p>\n<p>2.) human\u2019s <em>\u201cmental moral and spiritual qualities evolved by precisely the<\/em>\u2028<em>same processes that gave the eagle its claws and the tapeworm its hooks\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Doubts about the Biblical account of human origins and fate emerge.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>1.) 4004 B.C. vs. billions of years<\/p>\n<p>2.) Adam and Eve vs.\u00a0<em>The Descent of Man<\/em><\/p>\n<p>3.) creation as a continuous and self-modifying process<\/p>\n<p>4.) destruction as likewise ongoing and accidental.<\/p>\n<p>III. Social Darwinism<\/p>\n<p>A.) All sciences are historical<\/p>\n<p>1.) science always subject to revision (non-Euclidean geometry)<\/p>\n<p>2.) no laws, only theories (quantum physics)<\/p>\n<p>3.) science is \u201ctrue\u201d based on best possible evidence<\/p>\n<p>4.) science is never about faith; it is only about knowledge<\/p>\n<p>B.) Social order is a \u201cstruggle for existence.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>1.) revolutionary change: Marxist ideology<\/p>\n<p>2.) laissez-faire capitalism<\/p>\n<p>3.) do the ends always justify the means?<\/p>\n<p>C.) Evolutionary psychology<\/p>\n<p>1.) human neural processes evolved by the same means as all organic life.<\/p>\n<p>2.) the human mind is thus the dynamic result of constant evolutionary change.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Planetary Living for the New Millennium ENST 111 \/ ENGL 101 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Fall 2015\u00a0\u00a0 American Nature Writing: Environment, Culture, Values Required Texts: American Earth:\u00a0Environmental Writing Since Thoreau. Ed. Bill McKibben, Library of America Beyond Romantic Ecocriticism: Toward Urbanatural Roosting, Ashton Nichols, Palgrave Macmillan Walden, or Life in the Woods, Henry David Thoreau, G. W. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":824,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-333","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/syllabus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/333","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/syllabus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/syllabus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/syllabus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/824"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/syllabus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=333"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/syllabus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/333\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/syllabus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=333"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/syllabus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=333"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/syllabus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=333"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}