Month: October 2024

Moby Dick; Or The Whale with Illustrations from Rockwell Kent

This blogpost will concern Moby Dick with illustrations by Rockwell Kent. The book has 863 total pages and is 5.5×7.5×4 (14x19x10). With 822 of those pages begin for the text and illustrations of the novel, 41 pages of front matter, and 10 pages of back matter. The front matter is composed of the dedication, copyright information, table of contents (which includes a beautiful illustration of Captain Ahab’s ship), an Etymology section, and an extracts section. The extracts section contains quotations from sources that Melville used in the authoring of Moby Dick.

 

            This edition was published in 1930 by Random House, and is set in Monotype Fournier, according to the colophon, and is a condensed version of the Lakeside Press’s three volume illustrated edition of the aforementioned novel. As such, the images within are reproductions of those done by Rockwell Kent for that edition. Thus, this should be considered a special edition but not a first edition as neither the illustrations nor text are original to this particular print run.

            This volume is most likely clothbound and shows signs of use around the edges especially on the spine, and at its corners. In particular there is fraying along the top and bottom of the spine. One is also able to see the cardboard underneath the cloth at all of the book’s corners. The cover of the book has the title “Moby Dick” on it and has an image of the whale’s head breaching the water with its mouth open. While the spin says “Moby Dick Illustrated by Rockwell Kent” at the top, has an image of the whale’s tail in the middle, and says “Random House” at the bottom. The ink used for this is silver, and is recessed within the cover, that is, if one runs their hand over the illustrations and title, you can feel that they are slightly lower than the black portion.

            The illustrations in the edition are absolutely beautiful and integrated into the story seamlessly. They occupy space at the beginning of the chapter, usually at the top of the page on which it begins. In the case of Chapter One there are two images. The first, is above the words “Chapter 1” and its title. The image showcases a man lying on his stomach, facing away from the viewer, and looking out to sea. This goes perfectly with the subject matter of the chapter, as Melville details man’s calling for the sea. One can only assume that if we could see the man’s face, it would be clear he is awestruck by the beauty of the ocean. Then, at the very end of the chapter, after the conclusion of the text there is another man, this time sitting on a log, which could be a support for a pier, gazing longingly out to sea, this time with a ship in the background.

            The images are in black and white and are composed of a series of very thin lines. The lines are given length and coloring which create the shapes that Kent is portraying in his illustrations. The drawings add a tremendous amount to the reading of the novel. Particularly in chapter two, where the reader flips the page from 9 to 10, and sees a full-page drawing of Ishmael walking towards New Bedford. The only thought I had when seeing this image for the first time was, “Wow, this is fantastic.” Indeed, the images are the main reason I chose to work with this particular book. While Moby Dick Or The Whale, as is printed on the inside cover, is a classic novel in and of itself, something about the illustrations make it incredibly fun to read. Perhaps, it is because we are first acquainted with pictures in novels as children, and typically, we lose these images as we grow older and read more complicated texts. I cannot help but smile when I see the images in this edition.

            This book is fun to read and while the illustrations are absolutely the center of attention, the condition of this book contributes greatly to the reading experience. It feels very solid and does not seem brittle or fragile at all. Oftentimes when reading a book which was printed almost 100 years ago, I feel great anxiety in even touching it. Like one wrong move and this object which has survived generations of readers is going to explode in my hands, and I will be responsible for its untimely demise. This is not how I feel with this edition of Moby Dick. The binding still feels tight and strong, the paper is thick and of solid quality. It does not feel like it would rip if touched in the wrong way, which is common of many editions printed more recently. Indeed, the build quality of this book is extremely high. In addition to this the type face used in this edition is incredibly legible.

            Overall, this particular special edition of Moby Dick is a joy to read. While the illustrations are the highlight, and the distinguishing factor of this book, the font, the construction, and Melville’s timeless prose all contribute to an absolutely fantastic reading experience.

“The Frugal Housewife,” A Revolutionary How To Guide

Dickinson College Archives and Special Collections Department holds significant research material ranging from medieval times to the present, and while located at a small institution, it is home to a wide range of rare books, photographs, and other artifacts. Of these historical materials, Lydia Maria Child’s revolutionary cookbook entitled “The Frugal Housewife” stands out as especially loved. At first glance, the book is barely that – it is no longer bound and must be held together by a ribbon. As we take a closer look, the cookbook is more than it seems, and it holds more than the originally printed recipes and remedies.

In a conversation with Dickinson College Archivist Malinda Triller-Doran, she informed me that while the book’s journey to our archives is not explicitly known, we can guess that it was once a part of Charles Coleman Sellers’s Library and was donated to the Archives with the rest of his collection after his death in 1980 (Triller-Doran).

The full title of the book is “The Frugal Housewife: Dedicated to Those Who Are Not Ashamed of Economy.” The audience for this book is presumably the average, middle- or lower-class housewife in America. Most of the included recipes are simple and require minimal ingredients, and in addition to the normal recipes expected in a cookbook, a significant portion of the book is reserved for remedies and advice for topics outside of the kitchen, including laundry and cleaning tips.

This specific edition is the fourth edition, and was published in Boston, Massachusetts in 1831 by Carter, Hendee, & Babcock. The size of the book (5in x 7.5in x 1 in) suggests its economy. A larger-sized book would not be affordable by the audience, and it is more convenient for storage and use at this moderate size. This cookbook is 118 pages, but pages 109 – 112 are missing. This mishap could be due to the poor state of the binding and the fact that most of the pages are no longer connected. The paper itself, while no longer bound together, is thick, with clean-cut edges, and, in comparison to the deteriorating state of the binding, has held up exceptionally well over time. While yellowed and stained on every page, none of the paper is torn or ripped, and only five pages have been bent at the top right corner. This folding looks accidental but could also have been a bookmark for the owner. The typeface is difficult to determine, as it looks like Times New Roman, or some other serif font. After running a picture through font identification software, I think the font is “Aquatic Rough (WhatFontIs.com).”

While the book was not printed with illustrations or pictures, a previous owner – presumably an “M. Cady” based on the repeated signatures across the front cover – marked up the book with drawings, signatures, additional recipes, and other inscriptions. The first page of the book was once a blank protective sheet but has since been lined and written on both sides with multiple recipes for frosting, cookies, cake, sausages, and steam pudding. In addition to this once-blank page, the blank spaces on pages 80, 103, and 113 are home to more personal recipes. While the print is messy and the pencil is mostly faded, from what I can tell the recipes are for “Pork Cake Loaves,” “Sausages,” and “Good Common Cake Loaves.”

While the front and middle of the cookbook housed mostly inscribed recipes, the back cover is covered in drawings of birds, fathers, flowers, and a face. There is a passage at the top that has since been crossed out, but from what I can tell is another recipe including ingredients like butter and buttermilk.

These recipes and the writing on the front cover were in the same handwriting and pencil as the “M. Cady” signature, and after further investigation, this woman is presumably Mary Cady (previously Mary Webb, married to Hiram Cady). Apart from the repeated “M. Cady” stamps and signatures, there is an additional signature that reads “Mrs. Hiram Cady.” After a deep internet search, I found a picture of a woman named Mary Webb who married a Mr. Hiram Cady, who passed away in 1876 (WikiTree). I cannot find much else on her other than her burial location in Washtenaw County, Michigan. There is one recipe on the back cover in a different, darker handwriting for a Beef dish. There are two more names inscribed but they are completely illegible.

                     The front matter of the book includes the aforementioned, no-longer-blank page, a title page, a page containing two notes, and the introductory chapter. The title page is nearly identical to the cover of the book, including the full title (“The Frugal Housewife: Dedicated to Those Who Are Not Ashamed of Economy”), a dedication, two quotations – one by Benjamin Franklin and one with no source – the edition of the book, and publication information. The page with notes contains one from Lydia Maria Child stating her reasoning and additions to this edition and one from the Clerk of the District of Massachusetts emphasizing its publication location. In place of a table of contents at the beginning of the book, there is instead an alphabetical index at the end, beginning with “Advice, General” and concluding with “Pastry.”

The organization of the book is clear and simple, and extremely easy to skip through. Since it holds recipes and remedies, a reader will use it for specific reasons and may need to skip around to find the entry they are looking for. The short paragraphs, clear titles, and alphabetical index make this a convenient manual for the average reader. Food groups include “Herbs,” “Meat Corner, or Salted, Hams &c,” “Puddings,” and more. Remedies include small healing tips, specifically for burns and cuts, in addition to more first-aid style tips. The author takes a familiar, conversational tone, using both first person and addressing the reader directly in certain passages.

The physical condition of the book emphasizes how loved this book was, proving its convenience and popularity. This is not a book that is held and flipped through. It is quick to lie flat, suggesting its long history of laying on a table or kitchen countertop. This book is similar to our modern-day “Cooking for Dummies,” with both easy, clear recipes and significant advice and remedies. Child goes above and beyond for her reader by delving deeper than the assumed recipes of a cookbook to include tips and tricks for chores and tasks outside of the kitchen. Despite this information on this cookbook, the catch-all guide to being an economical housewife holds more secrets – in both its typed content and added inscriptions – that I look forward to uncovering over the course of the semester.

 

 

Works Cited

Child, Lydia Maria. The Frugal Housewife : Dedicated to Those Who Are Not Ashamed of Economy. Fourth edition / corr. and arr. By the author, to Which are added, Hints to persons of moderate fortune., Carter, Hendee and Babcock, 1831.

“Find Any Font from Any Image.” Upload Image, www.whatfontis.com/?s3. Accessed 22 Sept. 2024.

“Mary (Webb) Cady.” WikiTree, 28 June 2023, www.wikitree.com/wiki/Webb-14437.

“Mrs. Hiram Cady (Mary Webb).” Ypsilanti Historical Society Photo Archives, quod.lib.umich.edu/y/yhsic1/x-08073/PHOTO08073?lasttype=boolean%3Blastview. Accessed 14 Oct. 2024.

Triller-Doran, Malinda. Personal interview with the author. 18 September 2024.

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