1898: Some Efforts of American Negroes for their own Betterment

Edited by DuBois for the 1898 Atlanta Conference, “Some Efforts of American Negroes for their own Betterment” examines the rise of various black-operated benevolent organizations across the United States, including secret societies, the Church, and insurance societies. The work also includes a paper by Proctor on “The Church as an Institution for Social Betterment.”